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Automotive Pedestrian and Vulnerable Road User Protection

30 Chapters
View Course Samples Online
01
Course overview
scope, concepts, and technical context of pedestrian and vulnerable road user protection in automotive engineering.
technicalpedestrian
02
Global regulatory landscape
UN R127, UN R152, Euro NCAP VRU protocols, FMVSS 127, and pedestrian safety ratings.
regulatorylandscape
03
VRU accidentology and biomechanics
injury mechanisms, AIS scoring, head impact criteria (HIC), and lower extremity injury metrics.
VRUaccidentology
04
Pedestrian kinematics in vehicle collisions
pre-impact posture, wrap-around trajectory, and secondary impact with ground.
Pedestriankinematics
05
Vulnerable road user taxonomy
pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, children, elderly, and wheelchair users.
Vulnerabletaxonomy
06
Vehicle front-end geometry and its influence on pedestrian injury outcomes
bumper height, bonnet leading edge, and hood profile.
front-endgeometry
07
Pedestrian impact simulation with MADYMO and LS-DYNA
dummy models, human body models, and validation against cadaver tests.
Pedestriansimulation
08
Active hood and deployable bonnet systems
sensor triggering, actuator design, and deployment timing for head injury mitigation.
deployabletriggering
09
Pedestrian airbag systems
external airbag placement, inflation strategies, and coverage optimization for head and thorax protection.
Pedestrianexternal
10
Bumper and front-end energy absorbers
foam, honeycomb, and thermoplastic designs for leg and pelvis injury reduction.
front-endabsorbers
11
Autonomous emergency braking (AEB) for pedestrians
sensor fusion, detection algorithms, and Euro NCAP test scenarios.
Autonomousemergency
12
Cyclist detection and protection
blind spot monitoring, dooring prevention, and AEB cyclist test protocols.
detectionprotection
13
Motorcyclist safety countermeasures
advanced rider assistance systems, helmet standards, and vehicle-based crash avoidance.
Motorcyclistcountermeasures
14
Sensor technologies for VRU detection
radar, lidar, camera, thermal imaging, and ultrasonic fusion architectures.
technologiesVRU
15
Perception algorithms for VRU recognition
deep learning, pedestrian intent prediction, and occlusion handling.
Perceptionalgorithms
16
Vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P) communication
C-V2X, DSRC, smartphone-based positioning, and cooperative safety applications.
Vehicle-to-pedestrianV2P
17
Pedestrian detection in adverse conditions
night-time, rain, fog, and glare performance evaluation.
Pedestriandetection
18
Headlamp and lighting design for VRU visibility
adaptive driving beam, glare-free high beam, and pedestrian marking lights.
Headlamplighting
19
Interior and exterior design for VRU protection
A-pillar geometry, mirror placement, and field-of-view optimization.
Interiorexterior
20
Heavy vehicle VRU protection
truck front underrun protection, side guards, and direct vision standards.
VRUprotection
21
Electric and autonomous vehicle considerations
silent operation risks, sensor coverage, and AV pedestrian interaction.
Electricautonomous
22
Test methods and facilities
impactor tests, sled tests, full-scale pedestrian dummy tests, and virtual testing.
facilitiesimpactor
23
Human body models for VRU safety
THUMS, GHBMC, and their application in injury prediction and restraint design.
VRUTHUMS
24
Injury biomechanics of the head
skull fracture, diffuse axonal injury, and rotational acceleration thresholds.
biomechanicsfracture
25
Injury biomechanics of the thorax and abdomen
rib fracture, organ laceration, and compression criteria.
biomechanicsfracture
26
Injury biomechanics of the lower extremities
knee ligament rupture, tibia fracture, and ankle injury mechanisms.
biomechanicsextremities
27
Child pedestrian protection
anthropomorphic test devices, child head impact criteria, and school zone safety.
pedestrianprotection
28
Elderly pedestrian protection
reduced bone strength, fall tolerance, and design implications for vehicle front ends.
pedestrianprotection
29
Data-driven safety
naturalistic driving studies, crash databases (GIDAS, CISS), and benefit estimation of VRU systems.
Data-drivennaturalistic
30
Future trends and integration
automated emergency steering, cooperative VRU protection, and holistic safety system design.
integrationautomated